4 Great Days of Classes  Thursday, October 23 - Sunday, October 26 Visit www.soto-usa.org for the complete schedule (subject to change)

SOT Clinical Outcomes Advanced CMRT: A Nutritional Approach Treatment of Lumbar Anterolisthesis Category 3 Protocol / Herniated Disc Treatment Foot Adjusting / Stabilization Techniques STO (Soft Tissue Orthopedics) Unique Case Studies of SOT Pediatric Care SOT and the Athlete SOT Treatment of Cervical Discs Nutrition-Oriented Treatment of Discs Lesions MRI Interpretation & Treatment of Spondylolisthesis Integrating SOT and Acupuncture

Dental-Cranial Track Facial Distortions Analysis Cranio-Dental Co-Treatment Terminology Dental-Cranial Business & Treatment Goals Evaluation and Treatment of the TMJ and Airway Restriction The Myofascial Component of TMD

Practice Building Tools 7 Secrets of a Successful SOT Practice Giving an SOT-based Report of Findings Writing a Practice Brochure That Works Corrective ReHab   The 5 Minute SOT Adjustment SOT-Based SOAP Note Program

Visit www.soto-usa.org for the complete schedule

Discussion with Dr. Simon Dagenais on The Spine Journal’s Special Issue on Evidence for Treatments for Low Back Pain
Thursday, August 28, 1:00-2:30 PM Eastern
Guest Presenter: Dr. Simon Dagenais

You are invited to join Dr. Simon Dagenais for an FCER Clinical Teleconference on Thursday, August 28, 1:00-2:30 PM Eastern time, as he discusses the EBM approach, the easiest resource clinicians can use to access evidence on various interventions they commonly use for chronic LBP, and much more!

Topics being discussed in this teleconference:

• The EBM approach is becoming necessary giving rising costs, and clinicians must be equipped with the right information to talk about evidence with insurers, colleagues, and their patients.

• We also make the point in our introduction and conclusion that it is the responsibility of insurers, clinicians, and patients to become informed about the evidence for and against various interventions, not just those they are already familiar with.

• The special focus issue of The Spine Journal that Dr. Scott Haldeman and Dr. Dagenais edited is probably one of the easiest sources that clinicians can use to access the evidence on various interventions they commonly use for chronic LBP.

• It’s written by clinicians and for clinicians, trying as much as possible to avoid heavy epidemiologic jargon and provide practical recommendations where possible.

• People can think of the focus issue as what would happen if they could speak directly to top clinicians and researchers and ask them to explain and justify their use of a particular therapy.

Secure Your Participation Here

Unable to attend? Buy the CD instead, including the audio recording and speaker's notes.Available here.

Costs and Registration
Registration Only $99
FCER Members $79
President's Council Members FREE
Patron Members $49
Benefactor Members $64
Special Student Rate Only $15
[MEMBER INFO HERE]

Cost Includes speaker's notes, slide presentation, and full live recording, including Q&A

Before the call you will receive:

• Dial-in Instructions

• Speaker Slides

• After the call you will receive a CD-Rom at no additional cost containing the recording of the live presentation.

ICAK-USA Research, 2007-2008:

Research for ICAK’s Future

Since muscle weakness is a defining and proven characteristic of patients with neuromuscular symptomatology…why isn’t the methodology of MMT encompassing all of the muscles in the body being taught as a standard diagnostic method in every chiropractic college?

George J. Goodheart, D.C., conducted astonishing clinical research in his practice. Perhaps no one in the 20^th century interpreted the phenomena of clinical chiropractic practice more comprehensively than he.

But today, more than 4 decades after AK’s introduction, we still cannot prove in the chiropractic and biomedical literature that AK MMT is clinically meaningful for dozens of the conditions that we all treat every day in our clinics (this despite successful practices and the many speculations and claims we can make).

Most importantly for us, AK chiropractic methods are not playing a significant enough role in the chiropractic scientific research literature because AK doctors are not writing for it or participating in it.

WE are now responsible for AK’s future…!

The ICAK–USA MUST continue Dr. Goodheart’s research in the rigorous, standardized way chiropractic research is conducted today.

ICAK-USA Research, 2007-2008:

          I.     A large cross-sectional reliability study showing the prevalence of manual muscle test findings in patients with low back pain compared to controls.

The research project with begun with Dr. Henry Pollard at the beginning of 2008 (to demonstrate the prevalence of MMT findings in cases of low back pain) is nearing completion. The paper’s title is: “The results of muscle testing in selected lower limb muscles in LBP sufferers: a reliability study”. The paper should be written and then submitted to an indexed journal by the end of 2008. Dr. Pollard is a senior lecturer in the Department of Health and Chiropractic at Macquarie University. He was hired for this research project because he has written three excellent papers on manual muscle testing, one of which was published in J.M.P.T. If this project is successful completed, he and his research team can subsequently evaluate many of the cornerstone AK procedures in future ICAK-USA funded research projects.

This project will cost the ICAK-USA approximately $25,000…your contributions for these ICAK research projects are crucial…no one else will pay for them!!

Dr. Henry Pollard

BSc, Grad Dip Chiro, Grad Dip AppSc, MSportSc, PhD, ICSSD, FCC, FACC, FICC

Senior Lecturer, Director Research

Dept Health & Chiropractic

Macquarie University 2109

               I.     Research papers related to AK published in peer-reviewed journals in the past year

a)    A Multi-Modal Chiropractic Treatment Approach for Asthma: a 10-Patient Retrospective Case Series, Cuthbert SC. Chiropr J Aust 2008;38:17-27.

b)    Developmental Delay Syndromes and Chiropractic: A Case Report, Blum CL, Cuthbert SC. J Vertebr Sublux Res (accepted for publication).

c)     Applied Kinesiology: An Effective Complementary Treatment for Children with Down Syndrome, Cuthbert SC. Townsend Letter for Doctors and Patients, June 2007.

d)    Deficits in neuromuscular control of the trunk predict knee injury risk: a prospective biomechanical-epidemiologic study. Zazulak BT, Hewett TE, Reeves NP, Goldberg B, Cholewicki J. Am J Sports Med. 2007 Jul;35(7):1123-30. Epub 2007 Apr 27.

Comment: This paper demonstrates the common and strong correlation between muscle dysfunction and joint dysfunction, a primary thesis of the AK approach. To remain upright and steady in their surroundings, people use all the information about their position provided by their sensory organs in relation to their surroundings. The eyes, the vestibular apparatus, the proprioceptors in muscles and joints all maintain the trunk in proper position when working properly. In this paper, the prevention of joint fatigue and wear and sprain in the knee depends upon the precise integration of sensory information and motor response and strength from the periphery to the trunk.

e)       Altered sensorimotor integration with cervical spine manipulation. Taylor HH, Murphy B. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2008 Feb;31(2):115-26.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigates changes in the intrinsic inhibitory and facilitatory interactions within the sensorimotor cortex subsequent to a single session of cervical spine manipulation using single- and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation protocols. METHOD: Twelve subjects with a history of reoccurring neck pain participated in this study. Short interval intracortical inhibition, short interval intracortical facilitation (SICF), motor evoked potentials, and cortical silent periods (CSPs) were recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis and the extensor indices proprios muscles of the dominant limb after single- and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation of the contralateral motor cortex. The experimental measures were recorded before and after spinal manipulation of dysfunctional cervical joints, and on a different day after passive head movement. To assess spinal excitability, F wave persistence and amplitudes were recorded after median nerve stimulation at the wrist. RESULTS: After cervical manipulations, there was an increase in SICF, a decrease in short interval intracortical inhibition, and a shortening of the CSP in abductor pollicis brevis. The opposite effect was observed in extensor indices proprios, with a decrease in SICF and a lengthening of the CSP. No motor evoked potentials or F wave response alterations were observed, and no changes were observed after the control condition. CONCLUSION: Spinal manipulation of dysfunctional cervical joints may alter specific central corticomotor facilitatory and inhibitory neural processing and cortical motor control of 2 upper limb muscles in a muscle-specific manner. This suggests that spinal manipulation may alter sensorimotor integration. These findings may help elucidate mechanisms responsible for the effective relief of pain and restoration of functional ability documented after spinal manipulation.

Comment: From its inception AK chiropractic methods have been discovering specific muscle-joint dysfunctions, the correction of which has resulted in immediate muscular response.

f)     Neuromuscular consequences of reflexive covert orienting, Corneil1 BD, Munoz DP, Chapman BB, Adman T, Cushing SL. Nature Neuroscience 2007;11:13–15.

Abstract: Visual stimulus presentation activates the oculomotor network without requiring a gaze shift. Here, we demonstrate that primate neck muscles are recruited during such reflexive covert orienting in a manner that parallels activity recorded from the superior colliculus (SC). Our results indicate the presence of a brainstem circuit whereby reflexive covert orienting is prevented from shifting gaze, but recruits neck muscles, predicting that similarities between SC and neck muscle activity should extend to other cognitive processes that are known to influence SC activity.

Comment: In AK methodology the method for testing the integration of the muscles in the body with the function of the eyes is termed ocular lock testing. When the eyes are turned in a specific direction, a previously strong indicator muscle will weaken when the ocular lock test is positive, and there may be a disturbance in the visual righting, vestibulo-ocular, or opto-kinetic reflexes. Proper cranial, cervical, or other spinal correction is usually found to eliminate the positive ocular lock test and to improve binocular activity. This paper demonstrates the importance of the cervical spine’s interaction with the function of the eyes and this is frequently found in AK evaluation as well.

g)    Effects of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury on muscle activity of head, neck and trunk muscles: a cross-sectional evaluation. Tecco S, Salini V, Teté S, Festa F. Cranio. 2007 Jul;25(3):177-85.

Abstract: This study evaluated the effects a pathology of the knee, due to an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, has on muscular activity of neck, head, and trunk muscles. Twenty-five (25) subjects (mean age 28+/-9 years) with ACL injury of the left knee were compared with a control no-pathology group. Surface electromyography (sEMG) at mandibular rest position and maximal voluntary clenching (MVC) was used to evaluate muscular activity of the areas: masseter, anterior temporalis, posterior cervicals, sternocleidomastoid (SCM), and upper and lower trapezius. The sEMG activity of each muscle, as well as the asymmetry index between the right and the left sides, were compared between the two groups. Subjects in the study group showed a significant increase in the asymmetry index of the sEMG activity of the anterior temporalis at mandibular rest position (p<0.05). At rest, the areas of anterior temporalis and masseter in the control group showed a significantly lower sEMG activity compared with subjects in the study group, both in the right and the left sides (p<0.05). The same was found for the sEMG activity of the areas of SCM and lower trapezius. At MVC, the right areas of anterior temporalis and masseter in the study subjects showed a significantly lower sEMG activity compared with the control group. The same was observed for the lower trapezius area, both in the right and the left sides. In general, ACL injury appears to provide a change in the sEMG activity of head, neck and trunk muscles.

Comment: The most common pain generators are likely to be those structures housing the most nociceptors (articular surfaces, joint capsules, ligaments). Regardless of what is the exact pain generator, the entire motor system will react and compensate. Long after strained soft tissues have been injured, adaptive patterns will persist. One of the great advantages of AK is for the ability to specifically “challenge” the body itself to discover where these maladaptations and reactions are occurring.

h)    Changes in postural activity of the trunk muscles following spinal manipulative therapy. Ferreira ML, Ferreira PH, Hodges PW. Man Ther. 2007 Aug;12(3):240-8. Epub 2007 Apr 23.

Abstract: Spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) is common in the management of low back pain (LBP) and has been associated with changes in muscle activity, but evidence is conflicting. This study investigated the effect of SMT on trunk muscle activity in postural tasks in people with and without LBP. In 20 subjects (10 with LBP and 10 controls), EMG recordings were made with fine-wire electrodes inserted into transversus (TrA), obliquus internus (OI), and externus (OE) abdominis. Rectus abdominis (RA) and anterior deltoid EMG was recorded with surface electrodes. Standing subjects rapidly flexed an arm in response to a light, before and after a small amplitude end range rotational lumbar mobilization at L4-5. In controls, there was no change in trunk muscle EMG during the postural perturbation after SMT. In LBP subjects there was an increase in the postural response of OI and an overall increase in OE EMG. There was no change in TrA or RA EMG. These results indicate that SMT changes the functional activity of trunk muscles in people with LBP, but has no effect on control subjects. Importantly, SMT increased the activity of the oblique abdominal muscles with no change in the deep trunk muscle TrA, which is often the target of exercise interventions.

i)      Back pain in relation to musculoskeletal disorders in the jaw-face: a matched case-control study. Wiesinger B, Malker H, Englund E, Wänman A. Pain. 2007 Oct;131(3):311-9. Epub 2007 Apr 24.

Abstract: Back pain and temporomandibular disorders are both common conditions in the population with influence on the human motor system, but a possible co-morbidity between these conditions has not been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis of an association between long-term back pain and pain and/or dysfunction in the jaw-face region. Back pain was defined as pain in the neck, shoulders and/or low back. The study-population comprised 96 cases with long-term back pain and 192 controls without back pain. We used a screening procedure, a questionnaire and a clinical examination of the jaw function. The questionnaire focused on location, frequency, duration, intensity and impact on daily life of symptoms in the jaw-face and back regions. The analysis was conducted on 16 strata, matched by age and sex for case vs. control, using Mantel-Haenszel estimates of matched odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) as well as the corrected Mantel-Haenszel chi(2) test. The overall prevalence of frequent symptoms in the jaw-face region, as reported in the questionnaire, was 47% among cases and 12% among controls. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.0001) with a sevenfold odds ratio (CI: 3.9-13.7). Moderate to severe signs from the jaw region were clinically registered among 49% of the cases and 17% of the controls (P<0.0001, OR: 5.2, CI: 2.9-9.2). The results showed statistically significant associations between long-term back pain and musculoskeletal disorders in the jaw-face and indicate co-morbidity between these two conditions.

Comment: The relationship between occlusion, the stomatognathic system and spinal function has been a fundamental insight of AK since its inception. This paper describes this interaction specifically.

                                                                                           II.     Other noteworthy accomplishments

1.     A Tribute to George J. Goodheart Jr., D.C. Cuthbert SC. Chiropractic Economics, May 23, 2008:10.

This paper reviews the history of Dr. Goodheart’s chiropractic research writing in The Digest of Chiropractic Economics and other media and journals in the 20-years before the appearance of the J.M.P.T. From this initial work of over 50 papers for The Digest, Goodheart placed AK into the era of evidence-based medicine by publishing a paper about AK and dentistry in the Journal of the American Society of Psychosomatic Disease in 1976. Growing from Goodheart’s initial published work are 35 published textbooks in 5 languages and 10 more textbooks with chapters in them covering AK.

2.     Is it Possible to Eliminate Pain Instantaneously by Applying Neurophysiological Reflexes? Kaufman S. Dynamic Chiropractic, January 15, 2008;26: 02.

The treatment of trigger and tender points in muscles by the use of reflexes described in AK (neurophysiological reflexes, neurolymphatic, neurovascular), as well as Golgi tendon organ and muscle spindle cells, is hypothesized in this paper to dramatically reduce the pain produced from these reflexes in symptomatic patients.

3.     Chiropractic Muscle Testers Rise to the Challenge of Validating Their Work. Cuthbert SC. Dynamic Chiropractic, August 27, 2007:25(18).

4.     In Defense of the Functional Manual Muscle Test, Cuthbert SC. Dynamic Chiropractic, January 1, 2008:26(1).

5.     The President of Western States Chiropractic College, Dr. Joe Brimhall, invited Dr. Scott Cuthbert to present the research support for AK chiropractic technique to the students of WSCC in February, 2007. Dr. Brimhall practiced AK methods for 20 years and this was the first time that AK methods had been officially presented to the students on campus (very well attended presentation).

6.     Two further research papers have been completed in the past year.

                                                           I.         Common Errors and Clinical Guidelines for Manual Muscle Testing: “The Arm Test” and Other Inaccurate Procedures, Walter H. Schmitt, Jr., and Scott C. Cuthbert. This paper was first published in 1981. It has been rewritten and updated for submission. We will keep you updated on the future of this paper.

                                                         II.         Developmental Delay Syndromes: Psychometric testing before and after chiropractic treatment of 166 children, Scott C. Cuthbert, and Michel Barras. This paper was first published in the ICAK Collected Papers in the 1990’s. It has been substantially expanded and updated and is under review at two journals right now. We will keep you updated on the publication date for this paper.

v    Structured Abstracts for 22 years of the Collected Papers of the International College of Applied Kinesiology are now available to readers of ICAK websites around the world.

This will allow many potential patients (who come to ICAK websites looking for help with their health issues) to find hope that something can be done for them based on AK case reports created by our membership over the past 22 years.

Authors of AK research reports for the ICAK Annual Collected Papers can now have their work assessed by their patients with Google.

v    The Applied Kinesiology Research and Literature Compendium (AKRLC) has continued to grow to more than 241 pages (presently), encompassing over 1,500 citations from the peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed published literature relating to AK theory and practice.

v    Dr. Joseph Keating was very generous toward the ICAK in the last 6 months of his illustrious career and donated a number of power point programs to the ICAK. These are available to the ICAK membership on our websites.

Joseph C. Keating, Jr., PhD. Author, Historian, chiropractic philosopher and researcher.

1950-2007.

1.     The ICAK-USA’s research work is now being presented on a number of websites around the world, including:

Ø    www.icakusa.com

Ø    www.icak.com

Ø    www.icakbenelux.com

Ø    www.soto-usa.org

Ø    www.kinesiology.net

Ø    AND MORE TO COME…!

7.     Dr. Donald McDowall has submitted his research thesis with a university in Australia (R.M.I.T.) and its School of Health Sciences, Division of Chiropractic. The project is entitled “The Research Quality of Applied Kinesiology publications from 1987 to 2007”.

This literature review will evaluate the progress the I.C.A.K. has made in improving the quality of publications in its own journals and in the peer-reviewed literature.  Essentially, this paper will respond to a negative review given in a previous paper by Klinkoski and LeBoeuf in JMPT in 1990 called “A Review of the Research papers published by the international College of Applied Kinesiology from 1981 to 1987.” 

It is up to the ICAK membership around the world, and practitioners in the field who use AK, to turn our successful chiropractic clinical encounters into

PUBLISHED, PUBLIC DOMAIN DATA...

(No longer limiting our research publications to the Collected Papers of the ICAK!),

...Offering evidence that applied kinesiology chiropractic technique deserves to be part of the STANDARD, ORTHODOX DIAGNOSTIC METHODS TAUGHT IN CHIROPRACTIC COLLEGES AROUND THE WORLD!!

YOU are now responsible for AK’s future…!

Hi all,
Here is the latest file of AK related research by Dr. Scott Cuthbert that I thought you might like to have.

It is always good to validate your work and know that your membership dollars go towards funding some of these projects.
We need to do more and if you have some interesting case studies then go to www.icak.com and check out the .ppt and case study format I have loaded on it.
Have a great weekend.
Donald

Hello,

Thank you for using MyBlog!, the premier blogging tool for the popular Content Management System - Joomla!. MyBlog! is a feature packed, AJAX enabled replacement for the Joomla! Blog component.

 Among the features currently implemented are:

• MyBlog! Dashboard

• Quick search and linking of previous posts while writing a blog entry
• Tags / Tagclouds
• Easy image upload and browsing using MyBlog!'s own image browser
• SEF friendly permanent links for each blog entry
• Single-click publishing/unpublishing
• AJAXed page view of my blog entries

• MyBlog! Admin

• Publishing/posting permissions
• 3rd party MyBlog! addons support similar to Mambots
• Jomcomment integration
• Moderate blogs, tags/categories

• MyBlog! Frontpage view

• Browse blogs by keyword, blogger, or tags
• Simple and easy view of all blog entries / my blog entries
  
• Templating support
• del.icio.us • digg • spurl • reddit • furl social bookmarking support

• Future features:

• RSS feeds
• Trackbacks
• More ready-made templates
• Community-builder support
• Archived view of posts
• and more...!

As part of our product improvement process, we would like you to submit any queries, suggestions, or comments regarding MyBlog! on our forums at Azrul.com.

Thank you!

-MyBlog Dev Team.